循环应力对储气库岩石微观结构及力学性质影响数值模拟

针对储气库循环注采过程中循环应力对储气库岩石产生疲劳损伤的问题。利用颗粒离散元法建立岩心真三轴数值模型,根据岩心室内试验标定数值模型参数,然后对数值模型进行多周期等幅值轴向循环应力加载,研究循环应力对储气库岩石微观结构及力学性质的影响。结果表明:循环应力加载过程中,模型内生成的无黏结接触数量和微裂缝数量逐渐增多,而生成位置受原始裂缝控制明显,模型孔隙度逐渐减小,且模型内无黏结接触数量、微裂缝数量和孔隙度的变化速率均呈递减趋势;相同应力水平下模型侧向应变和轴向应变均增大,但侧向应变占主导地位;模型弹性模量逐渐降低,而模型泊松比和损伤量逐渐增加,且模型弹性模量、泊松比和损伤量的变化速率均呈递减趋势。     

核电站凝汽器用钛焊管蒸汽腐蚀疲劳性能研究

测定了国产和进口核电站凝汽器用钛焊管在室温大气和人工海水100 ℃水蒸汽介质中的疲劳性能，同时采用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断口进行了观察，探讨了钛焊管的蒸汽腐蚀疲劳机理。研究结果表明：国产钛焊管与进口钛焊管的疲劳寿命较为接近，水蒸汽氛围大幅度降低了钛焊管的疲劳寿命；疲劳试样的裂纹均萌生于钛焊管焊缝区域的外表面，多为多源萌生，裂纹扩展均以条纹机理为主；断口处有少量二次裂纹，未发现沿晶断裂及周期解理断裂特征，静断区断口形貌为韧窝；从蒸汽腐蚀疲劳试样中，未能观察到明显的腐蚀产物；钛焊管的蒸汽疲劳腐蚀是交变应力和电化学腐蚀交互作用的结果。     

Ti-1300钛合金挤压管材组织性能研究

通过室温拉伸测试和显微组织观察，研究了挤压温度和热处理工艺对Ti-1300钛合金挤压管材显微组织和力学性能的影响，讨论了热加工工艺、显微组织和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明：Ti-1300钛合金在两相区挤压后的横向组织均匀细小，纵向组织沿挤压加工流线破碎均匀；其拉伸强度高达1 445 MPa。管材在相变点以上的高温固溶组织主要由等轴β相晶粒组成，具有较好的塑性。合金两相区挤压后具有较好的强度和塑性的匹配，两相区挤压的塑性明显优于β单相区挤压，尤其面缩。试样经过固溶时效处理后显微组织明显细化，强度大幅度提高，可达1 300 MPa以上。     

Effects of Cr and Mo elements on the microstructures and compressive properties of the in situ (TiC_xN_y–TiB_2)/Ni cermets

In-situ(TiC_xN_y–TiB_2)/Ni cermets with 70 wt%TiC_xN_y–TiB_2 were successfully fabricated by combustion synthesis and hot pressing sintering in Ni-Ti-B_4C-BN powder systems.The microstructures,density,compressive properties,and hardness of the TiC_xN_y–TiB_2/Ni cermets with the addition of 0–8 wt%Cr/Mo to the Ni-Ti-B_4C-BN powder systems were compared and analysed.The results showed that the ceramic particles distributed uniformly in the cermets,and the size of the ceramic particles reduced with the Cr/Mo addition.Both Cr and Mo addition can improve the hardness,compressive properties,and fracture strains of the cermets.The hardness,compressive strength,and fracture strain of the(TiC_xN_y–TiB_2)/(Ni+Cr)cermets increased from 1561 HV,2.94 GPa,and 2.9%to 1864 HV,3.65 GPa,and 3.4%,respectively when the Cr content increased to 5 wt%.The hardness and compressive strength of the(TiC_xN_y–TiB_2)/(Ni+Mo)cermets increased from 1561 HV and 2.94 GPa to 1902 HV and 3.43 GPa,respectively when the Mo content increased to 8 wt%.The cermets with Cr had better compressive properties than the cermets with Mo.     

Processing and characterization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al6061–TiB2 composite

In the present research, aluminum metal matrix composites were processed by the stir casting technique. The effects of TiB2 rein-forcement particles, severe plastic deformation through accumulative roll bonding (ARB), and aging treatment on the microstructural charac-teristics and mechanical properties were also evaluated. Uniaxial tensile tests and microhardness measurements were conducted, and the micro-structural characteristics were investigated. Notably, the important problems associated with cast samples, including nonuniformity of the rein-forcement particles and high porosity content, were solved through the ARB process. At the initial stage, particle-free zones, as well as particle clusters, were observed on the microstructure of the composite. However, after the ARB process, fracturing phenomena occurred in brittle ceramic particles, followed by breaking down of the fragments into fine particles as the number of rolling cycles increased. Subsequently, com-posites with a uniform distribution of particles were produced. Moreover, the tensile strength and microhardness of the ARB-processed com-posites increased with the increase in the reinforcement mass fraction. However, their ductility exhibited a different trend. With post-deforma-tion aging treatment (T6), the mechanical properties of composites were improved because of the formation of fine Mg2Si precipitates.     

可兴奋神经元的非线性动力学性质

以H-H模型为研究对象,通过改变方程中表征神经元可兴奋性的参数,用数值分析的方法考察可兴奋神经元的动力学性质.结果表明,可兴奋性控制参数越高的神经元,动作电位发生的阈值越大,所能承受的刺激范围也越大.每种神经元都有一个特定的参数域,当参数在其中变化时,神经元对于恒定刺激的反应是混沌的.     

预应力CFRP加固混凝土梁的试验研究

为了揭示预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土构件的效果,分别采用普通碳纤维布和预应力碳纤维布对4根钢筋混凝土梁进行抗弯性能试验研究。试验分析了预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的屈服荷载、极限荷载、抗弯刚度等性能指标,并分别比较了预应力碳纤维布与普通碳纤维布、不同预应力水平碳纤维布的破坏形态及加固效果。试验结果表明,采用预应力碳纤维布加固混凝土梁可以充分发挥碳纤维布的高强性能,预应力碳纤维布加固的混凝土梁要比普通碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的承载力、刚度等性能指标都有明显提高,而且预应力水平越大,提高的效果越明显。     

铝合金板式节点面外初始弯曲刚度的杆件间交互影响

铝合金板式节点具有良好的整体刚度性能,其面外初始弯曲刚度的杆件间交互影响不容忽视.本文在现有研究的基础上,定义了铝合金板式节点面外弯曲刚度矩阵.为进行深入研究,对铝合金板式节点进行有限元模拟.以节点板厚度、节点板半径、杆件高度和螺栓数量为参数,建立14个节点模型,分析关于节点面外弯曲刚度的杆件间交互影响.根据有限元结果,提出计算杆件交互影响程度的理论公式.和有限元结果的比较表明,公式的计算精度高,具有良好的适用性.     

ZL102表面直接化学复合镀Ni-P-SiC镀层的结构与性能

采用直接化学复合镀法在铸铝102合金表面制备Ni-P-SiC复合镀层,利用XRD、扫描电镜等对镀态复合镀层的结构和形貌进行分析,并对镀层的显微硬度、结合力及耐蚀性进行测试.结果表明:镀层表面平整均匀;复合镀层中SiC微粒分布均匀且复合量较高,镀层厚度均匀、致密;复合镀层相结构更类似于非晶态;镀层镀态显微硬度可达823.8HV;镀层与基体结合较好,且复合镀层极大地改善了基体的耐蚀性.     

Fabrication of plain carbon steel/high chromium white cast iron bimetal by a liquid-solid composite casting process

High-chromium white cast iron (HCWCI) is one of the most widely used engineering materials in the mining and cement indus-tries. However, in some components, such as the pulverizer plates of ash mills, the poor machinability of HCWCI creates difficulties. The bimetal casting technique is a suitable method for improving the machinability of HCWCI by joining an easily machined layer of plain car-bon steel (PCS) to its hard part. In this study, the possibility of PCS/HCWCI bimetal casting was investigated using sand casting. The inves-tigation was conducted by optical and electron microscopy and non-destructive, impact toughness, and tensile tests. The hardness and chemical composition profiles on both sides of the interface were plotted in this study. The results indicated that a conventional and low-cost casting technique could be a reliable method for producing PCS/HCWCI bimetal. The interfacial microstructure comprised two distinct lay-ers:a very fine, partially spheroidized pearlite layer and a coarse full pearlite layer. Moreover, characterization of the microstructure revealed that the interface was free of defects.